Every year in late summer, a special phase begins off Hawaii: female Tiger Sharks give birth to their young. Particularly in September and October, the number of animals near the coast increases significantly. For scientists, divers, and marine enthusiasts, this is an exciting time to learn more about the lives of these sharks.
Biological Background
Tiger Sharks have a long gestation period of around 15 to 16 months. After mating and sperm storage, the embryos develop over many months until birth occurs in late summer. Females sometimes migrate from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands to the main islands for this purpose. This is why the likelihood of encountering Tiger Sharks near the coast increases in September.
What does “Pupping” mean?
“Pupping” refers to the birth of live young. Tiger Sharks are viviparous, meaning the young are born fully developed. Newborn Tiger Sharks are independent and immediately seek out their own hunting territories. For observers on beaches or on the water, this explains why more sightings are reported during this time of year.
Why there are more encounters
The increased presence of pregnant females and young sharks leads to more frequent sightings. The number of documented encounters between humans and sharks is also slightly higher in autumn. However, experts emphasise that this is a normal natural phenomenon and not a sign of increased aggression.
Significance for research and conservation
This time of year is particularly valuable for marine research. Through telemetry and tagging projects, scientists learn about the migrations of females and where potential nurseries are located. Such knowledge is important for implementing targeted conservation measures and preserving habitats in the long term.
Tips for water sports enthusiasts and divers
- Do not swim or surf alone, especially at dawn or dusk.
- Pay attention to beach warnings and advice from authorities.
- Be cautious after heavy rainfall or in areas with many baitfish.
- For shark tours, only choose certified operators who work responsibly.
September is not just “shark season.” It is the natural rhythm of Tiger Sharks – from reproduction to birth. Understanding this allows for respectful and safe interactions with these fascinating animals.
