Every year in late summer, a special phase begins off Hawaii: female tiger sharks give birth to their young. Especially in September and October, the number of animals near the coast increases significantly. For scientists, divers, and ocean enthusiasts, this is an exciting time to learn more about the lives of these sharks.
Biological background
Tiger sharks have a long gestation period of around 15 to 16 months. After mating and sperm storage, the embryos develop over many months until birth occurs in late summer. Females sometimes migrate from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands to the main islands for this purpose. That is why, especially in September, the likelihood of encountering tiger sharks near the coast increases.
What does “pupping” mean?
“Pupping” refers to the birth of live young. Tiger sharks are viviparous, meaning the pups are born fully developed. Newborn tiger sharks are independent and immediately begin exploring their own hunting grounds. For observers on beaches or on the water, this explains why more sightings are reported during this time of year.
Why there are more encounters
The increased presence of pregnant females and young sharks leads to more frequent sightings. The number of documented encounters between humans and sharks is also slightly higher in autumn. Experts, however, emphasize that this is a normal natural phenomenon and not an increase in aggression.
Importance for research and conservation
For marine research, this period is particularly valuable. Through telemetry and tagging projects, scientists learn which migrations females undertake and where potential nurseries are located. Such knowledge is important for implementing conservation measures effectively and preserving habitats in the long term.
Tips for water sports enthusiasts and divers
- Do not swim or surf alone, especially at dusk.
- Pay attention to beach warnings and notices from authorities.
- Be cautious after heavy rains or in areas with many baitfish.
- For shark tours, choose only certified operators who act responsibly.
September is not just “shark season.” It is the natural rhythm of tiger sharks – from mating to birth. Those who understand this can interact with these fascinating animals respectfully and safely.
